Neuroscience

Takeda Neuroscience is driven by the unmet need of patients with neurologic and psychiatric diseases. Our mission is to bring innovative and potentially disease-modifying medicines to these individuals.

Our dedication extends beyond our marketed products and research efforts. We are committed to raising awareness for these conditions, building strategic partnerships with both industry and advocacy, educating patients and physicians, and broadening access to therapies.

Disease areas^*:

• Major Depressive Disorder (MDD): MDD, commonly known as depression, is a complex mental health illness that is among the leading causes of disability worldwide.^1,2 MDD often can often include having five or more symptoms of depression in the same two-week period.¹ At least one of the symptoms must be either depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure; examples of other possible symptoms may include significant change in weight or appetite, insomnia or excessive sleepiness, loss of energy, and feelings of worthlessness or guilt, among others.¹
  
  
• Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by a repeated pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity/impulsivity that interferes with functioning or development.¹ ADHD often persists from childhood into adulthood and may manifest differently throughout the lifespan. Symptoms of motoric hyperactivity tend to diminish with age (during adolescence and adulthood), whereas symptoms of inattention and impulsivity may persist.¹
  
  
• Binge Eating Disorder (B.E.D.): B.E.D. is the most common eating disorder in U.S. adults and is more prevalent than anorexia and bulimia combined.^3,4 B.E.D. is often characterized by recurring episodes of binge eating that occur, on average, at least once weekly for three months, in which individuals consume a large amount of food in a short time, compared with what others would consume under similar circumstances.¹ This is accompanied by a sense of lack of control over one's eating and also marked distress.¹

Looking to the future, Takeda is setting a high bar for innovation and is focused on potential investigative options in rare neurological conditions with significant unmet needs. 

• Rare Epilepsies: Dravet syndrome and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome are two types of rare epilepsies that typically present early in life and are often associated with severe cognitive and developmental impairment in addition to frequent treatment-resistant seizures throughout the person’s lifetime.^5-9
  
  
• Sleep-wake disorders: Sleep-wake disorders relate to the quality, timing, and amount of sleep that can result in daytime distress and impairment.¹ Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1), narcolepsy type 2, and idiopathic hypersomnia are sleep-wake disorders that are characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS).¹⁰
  • In addition to EDS, NT1 is characterized by symptoms including cataplexy (a sudden loss of muscle tone), hallucinations upon falling asleep or waking up, sleep paralysis, and disrupted nighttime sleep.^11-13 Individuals with NT1 have low levels of orexin neuropeptides in the brain and cerebrospinal fluid.¹⁴
  • Takeda is researching a multi-asset franchise in sleep-wake disorders led by an investigational oral orexin agonist, TAK-994.¹⁵
• Parkinson’s disease: A common neurological disorder characterized by slow movement in combination with tremor and/or rigidity.^16,17 The disease is progressive and has a significant impact on patients, families, and caregivers through its degenerative effects on mobility and muscle control.^16,18 In addition, patients may suffer non-motor symptoms such as cognitive changes and sleep disorders.¹⁸
  
  

*NOTE: These are not the complete diagnostic criteria and having some or all of these symptoms does not mean you have any one of these diseases. Diagnosis should be based on a complete history and evaluation of the patient. Only a trained healthcare professional can diagnose these disorders. If you or a loved one is concerned about any of these disorders, please consult your healthcare professional.

References:

_{¹ American Psychiatric Association, American Psychiatric Association, eds. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-5. 5th ed. American Psychiatric Association; 2013.}

_{² James SL, Abate D, Abate KH, et al. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. The Lancet. 2018;392(10159):1789-1858. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32279-7}

_{³ Kessler RC, Berglund PA, Chiu WT, et al. The Prevalence and Correlates of Binge Eating Disorder in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys. Biological Psychiatry. 2013;73(9):904-914. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.11.020}

_{⁴ Hudson JI, Hiripi E, Pope HG Jr, et al. The Prevalence and Correlates of Eating Disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication [published correction appears in Biol Psychiatry. 2012;72(2):164]. Biol Psychiatry. 2007;61(3):348‐358.}

_{⁵ Strzelczyk A, Kalski M, Bast T, et al. Burden-of-illness and Cost-driving Factors in Dravet syndrome Patients and Carers: A prospective, multicenter study from Germany. European Journal of Paediatric Neurology. 2019;23(3):392-403. doi:10.1016/j.ejpn.2019.02.014}

_{⁶ Anwar A, Saleem S, Patel UK, Arumaithurai K, Malik P. Dravet Syndrome: An Overview. Cureus. 2019;11:e5006. doi:10.7759/cureus.5006}

_{⁷ Dravet C. The core Dravet syndrome phenotype: Core Dravet Syndrome. Epilepsia. 2011;52:3-9. doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2011.02994.x}

_{⁸ Arzimanoglou A, French J, Blume WT, et al. Lennox-Gastaut syndrome: a consensus approach on diagnosis, assessment, management, and trial methodology. Lancet Neurology. 2009;8(1):82-93. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(08)70292-8}

_{⁹ Crumrine P. Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome. Journal of Child Neurology. 2001;17:S70-S75.}

_{¹⁰ Sateia MJ. International Classification of Sleep Disorders- Third Edition. Chest. 2014;146:1387–94}

_{¹¹ Sturzenegger C. The Clinical Spectrum of Narcolepsy with Cataplexy: a reappraisal. Journal of Sleep Research. 2004;13:395-406.}

_{¹² Roth T, Dauvilliers Y, Mignot E, et al. Disrupted Nighttime Sleep in Narcolepsy. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine. 2013;9:955-965.}

_{¹³ Dauvilliers Y et al. Measurement of Narcolepsy Symptoms: the narcolepsy severity scale. Neurology. 2017;88:1358-1365.}

_{¹⁴ Mahoney C et al. The Neurobiological Basis of Narcolepsy. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2019;20:83-93.}

_{¹⁵ A Study of TAK-994 in Participants With Narcolepsy With or Without Cataplexy (Narcolepsy Type 1 [NT1] or Narcolepsy Type 2 [NT2]). ClinicalTrials.gov. Published April 1, 2021. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04096560}

_{¹⁶ Kalia LV, Lang AE. Parkinson’s disease. The Lancet. 2015;386(9996):896-912. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61393-3}

_{¹⁷ Postuma R, Berg D, Stern M et al. MDS clinical diagnostic criteria for Parkinson's disease. Movement Disorders. 2015;30(12):1591-1601. doi:10.1002/mds.26424}

_{¹⁸ Hiseman JP, Fackrell R. Caregiver Burden and the Nonmotor Symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease. In: International Review of Neurobiology. Vol 133. Elsevier; 2017:479-497. doi:10.1016/bs.irn.2017.05.035}